Final Thoughts and Reflections

With both major projects now completed, I took some time this week to reflect on everything I’ve learned over the past few months. From analyzing racial and age disparities in police shootings to uncovering patterns of political violence across the U.S., the experience has been intense and eye-opening. Project 1 helped me understand how statistical tools like t-tests and Cohen’s d can quantify bias and show meaningful differences between demographic groups. The visualizations and cumulative plots revealed age gaps that go beyond numbers—they highlight systemic issues.

In Project 2, I switched gears toward unsupervised learning and spatial clustering. Using K-means on real-world event data showed how regional and temporal patterns emerge from political unrest. The clusters not only told us where violence was happening, but what kind of unrest was occurring—whether protests, battles, or violence against civilians. I also learned the importance of careful data cleaning, feature selection, and visualization in driving analysis that makes sense both statistically and socially.

Across both projects, the biggest takeaway was how data science can contribute to social understanding and policy change. These aren’t just numbers—they’re lives, locations, and events that matter. I’m grateful to have had the opportunity to dig deep into such meaningful topics. Looking forward, I hope to keep combining data science with real-world issues to build more awareness and create impact through insight.

Wrapping Up and Policy Implications

In the final stretch, I completed the written report and finalized conclusions. The clustering model helped us uncover meaningful patterns in political violence—each region had distinct behaviors in both event type and intensity. One of the key takeaways was the rise in protest activity over recent years, paired with a decline in average fatalities. This may reflect changing public behavior or improved law enforcement protocols. Our discussion emphasized how clustering tools can be useful for early-warning systems and policy decisions. The project wrapped up on a strong note, with a clear narrative, sound statistics, and actionable insights. Submission completed!

Final Visualizations and Storytelling

As we neared the project deadline, I refined our visuals for clarity and impact. I redesigned the scatter plot to highlight each cluster’s dominant event type, added legends, and used subtle color themes for accessibility. I also created a composite map that showed cluster boundaries, centroid locations, and event types with different shapes. These visuals helped communicate the narrative we were building—that political unrest in the U.S. has regional signatures, with the North experiencing more direct violence and Central regions showing higher protest frequency. I also began drafting the final blog summary for the project.


Yearly Trends and Fatality Reduction

To understand how political unrest evolved over time, I grouped the data by year and event type. A notable trend emerged—between 2018 and 2020, there was a clear spike in protest activity, especially in Central U.S. Simultaneously, the average number of fatalities per event dropped across all regions. I plotted line graphs to show this temporal trend and created heatmaps to track changes in activity by state. These visuals suggested a shift in how unrest is expressed—more protest, less violence. This could be due to improved response protocols or changing public engagement. I’ll explore this further in the discussion section of the report.